首先我们了解一下名词。
Firstly let's learn about nouns.
表示人或事物名称的词叫名词。名词前边一般能加数词和量词，但不能受副词修饰。少数单音节名词可以重叠，表示"每"的意思。例如：人人（每人）、天天（每天）等。指人的名词后边可以加词尾"们"，表示复数。例如：老师们。但是，如果名词前面有数词和量词或其他表示复数的词，名词后就不能加词尾"们"。不能说"五个老师们"，应该说"五个老师"。
A word denoting the name of a person or a thing is called a noun. Generally a noun can be preceded by a numeral-measure word combination, but can't be modified by adverbs. Some monosyllabic nouns can be reduplicated to express the meaning of "every". For example, "人人" (every one), "天天" (every day) and so on. The suffix "们" can be added to a personal noun to express the plural. For example, "老师们" (teachers). However, if before the noun there are numeral-measure words or other words implying the plural, the suffix "们" can't be added to the noun. For example, we can't say "五个老师们", but should say "五个老师" (five teachers).
名词一般都可以在句子里作主语、宾语和定语。
Generally a noun can serve as subject, object and attributive in a sentence.
- 作主语。 As the subject.
| 北京是中国的首都。 | Beijing is the capital of China. |
| 夏天热。 | In summer it is hot. |
| 西边是操场。 | The playground lies in the west. |
| 老师给我们上课。 | The teacher gave us a class. |
- 作宾语。 As the object.
| 小云看书。 | Xiaoyun reads books. |
| 现在是五点。 | Now it is five o'clock. |
| 我们家在东边。 | Our house is located in the east. |
| 我写作业。 | I do my homework. |
- 作定语。 As an attributive.
| 这是中国瓷器。 | This is a Chinese china. |
| 我喜欢夏天的夜晚。 | I like the night in the summer. |
| 英语语法比较简单。 | The grammar of English is comparatively simple. |
| 妈妈的衣服在那儿。 | Mother's dress is there. |
- 作谓语（只有少数名词可以直接作谓语）。 As the predicate（There are only a few nouns which can serve as predicate）.
| 今天星期五。 | Today is Friday. |
| 今天阴天。 | It's cloudy today. |
时间词（表示日期、时刻、季节等的名词）和方位词（表示方向或位置的名词）还经常作状语，而一般名词不具有这个作用。例如：
Time nouns (nouns indicating date, times of the clock, seasons, etc.) and nouns of locality (nouns showing direction an location) can also serve as adverbial adjuncts, whereas nouns of other kinds cannot. For example:
| 他后天来。 | He will come here the day after tomorrow. |
| 我们晚上上课。 | We have classes in the evening. |
| 您里边请。 | Please come in. |
| 我们外边谈。 | Let's talk outside. |
